NEONATOLOGY MCQS

PEDIATRICS MCQS

MCQS#01

A full-term infant born is noted to have ambiguous genitalia and elevated blood pressures. The rest of the physical examination is unremarkable. Laboratory evaluation reveals normal serum electrolytes with elevated serum androgens and deoxycorticosterone.

Of the following, which enzymatic defect is responsible for this infant’s congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

A. Aromatase

B. 5 alpha-reductase

C. 11 beta-hydroxylase

D. 17 alpha-hydroxylase

E. 21-hydroxylase

MCQS#02

Of the following, the most likely congenital cardiac defect in an infant of a diabetic mother is:

A. Ebstein’s anomaly

B. Tetrology of Fallot

C. Transposition of the great vessels

D. Tricuspid atresia

E. Truncus arteriosus

MCQS#03

A full-term male infant has prolonged indirect hyperbilirubinemia, a large posterior fontanel, hypotonia, and feeding difficulties. The neonatology fellow suspects that the infant has congenital hypothyroidism. Laboratory evaluation reveals a low thyroxine concentration and elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone.

The most likely cause for this infant’s hypothyroidism is:

A.  Deiodase deficiency

B.  Organification defect

C.  Panhypopituitarism

D.  Thyroid dysgenesis

E.  Thyroid-stimulating hormone resistance

MCQS#04

A 1-week old full-term infant has an intraparenchymal cerebral hemorrhage. His urine output is 10 mL/kg/hour. Laboratory evaluation reveals Na+=158 mEq/L, K+=4.1 mEq/L, Cl-=118 mEq/L, HCO3-=30 mEq/L, and serum and urine osmolality of 310 mOsm and 125 mOsm, respectively.

Upon administration of exogenous vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone), the MOST likely impact on this infant’s osmolality is:

A.  Decrease in serum and urine osmolality

B.  Decrease in serum osmolality and increase in urine osmolality

C.  Increase in serum and urine osmolality

D.  Increase in serum osmolality and decrease in urine osmolality

E.  No change in serum or urine osmolality

MCQS#05

A female infant of a diabetic mother is admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with irritability, tremulousness, and concern for seizure activity. Physical examination reveals a jittery full-term infant with laryngospasm and episodes of rhythmic left lower extremity jerking. Her chest radiograph reveals a normal cardiothymic silhouette. Her electrocardiogram reveals a prolonged QT interval. Her blood glucose is 80 mg/dL.

Serum electrolyte evaluation of this infant would most likely reveal:

A.  Hypercalcemia

B.  Hyperkalemia

C.  Hypermagnesemia

D.  Hypocalcemia

E.  Hypomagnesemia

Check Answers: TOMORROW