What are the causes of recurrent pneumonia in Pediatrics?
• Aspiration susceptibility: Oropharyngeal incoordination, vocal cord paralysis, gastroesophageal reflux, tracheoesophageal fistula
• Immunodeficiency: Congenital, acquired
• Congenital cardiac defects: Atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus
• Abnormal secretions or reduced clearance of secretions: Asthma, cystic fibrosis, ciliary dyskinesia
• Pulmonary anomalies: Sequestration, cystic adenomatoid malformation
• Airway compression or obstruction: Foreign body, vascular ring, enlarged lymph node, malignancy
• Miscellaneous: For example, sickle cell disease, sarcoidosis
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